The inter-religious harmony of VOC regulations and treaties
These days I am busy reading about Frederick de Houtman for the CMR project, the bibliographical history of Christian-Muslim Relations.
One of the major issues in the contribution on De Houtman will be the treaties he coined with Muslim rulers in the archipelago, especially in Ambon (26 August 1609) and another of 1 July 1620).
These are just some of the about 1900 treaties of the two centuries 1600-1800. Many of the treaties have one or more paragraphs that talk about religion. To start with the treaty
with the Bandanese, 23 May 1601: Ten
eersten sal yeder syn Godt dienen na tgelove hen Godt gegeven heeft, sonder den
eenen den anderen te haten, ofte eenighe oorsaecke te gheven, daer quaestie uyt
soude mogen rijsen, dan sullen malcanderen in alle fruntschap aen wedersyden
bejegenen ende de rest Godt bevelen, die vant geloven ende gemoet rechter is
ende syn sal [First: every man and woman will serve God after the belief
given by God to them, without hating one another or giving any cause that may
lead to difficulties. They will approach each other in friendship and leave all other things
to God who is and will remain the Judge of our faith and feelings]. Dutch text in De
Jonge, Opkomst.. vol 2:537-. I hope to find next week the Malay text of some treaties in the National Archives in The Hague.
The VOC had trade as its first purpose, did not like war and definitely not war for religious reasons. Jan Pieterszoon Coen, however, talks more often about propagation of Christianity than other VOC officials.
The more theological first paragraph was followed by a more pragmatic fourth paragraph which included that Dutch personnel who ran from their corporation and wanted to join the Indonesian party should not be accepted to become Muslim (sonder te vermogen hem Moors te maecken), but they could remain under the authority of the Dutch prince. They could become Muslim if they did this without any compulsion or political implication. On the other hand, people of Banda could become Christian if it was absolutely their own free will.
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